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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Nutritional Quality, Potential Health Promoting Properties and Sensory Perception of an Improved Gluten Free Bread Formulation Containing Inulin, Rice Protein and Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Coffee Byproducts
 
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1
Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA),, University of Turin, Italy
 
2
Food Analysis and Bioactivity, Institute of Food Science Research [CIAL, CSIC-UAM], Spain
 
3
Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, UAM- CSIC), Spain
 
 
Submission date: 2018-11-27
 
 
Final revision date: 2019-01-28
 
 
Acceptance date: 2019-02-21
 
 
Online publication date: 2019-03-11
 
 
Publication date: 2019-03-29
 
 
Corresponding author
Dolores del Castillo   

Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, UAM- CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
 
 
Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2019;69(2):157-166
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to improve the formulation of a gluten-free commercial bread-making premix by adding inulin, rice protein and extracts of coffee by-products (silverskin and husk) to obtain healthier products enriched in protein and dietary fiber with the potential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases. The new formulation combines well-known and novel food ingredients. To validate the novel ingredients, we determined the physicochemical characterization, caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents and food safety of coffee silverskin (CSE) and husk (CHE) extracts. Sensory and nutritional quality, bioactive compounds (chlorogenic acid, total phenolic compounds, melanoidins and browning), in vitro bioaccessibility and health-promoting properties (overall antioxidant capacity and α-glucosidase activity) of the breads were evaluated. Results support the feasibility of CSE and CHE as natural sustainable sources of antioxidants, α-glucosidase inhibitors and colorants. The observed health-promoting properties suggest that coffee by-product extracts could potentially be used as functional food ingredients or supplements to reduce the risk of chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress and to control postprandial glucose levels. Based on consumers’ preferences, we obtained new bread formulations with high nutritional and sensorial quality, suitable for celiacs and with the potential to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal disease related to oxidative stress. Data on in vitro digestion indicated a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the bioaccessibility of sugars and a significant increase (p <0.05) in antioxidants.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to thank Beneo Ibérica (Spain) for supplying Inulin (ORAFTI® FTX) and rice protein (Remypro N80+), and Fortaleza (Vitoria) and Delikia (Valencia) for supplying coffee silverskin and coffee husks, respectively.
FUNDING
The present research was funded by the project SUSCOFFEE (AGL2014-57239-R) and is part of the PhD. thesis of Guglielmetti, A.
 
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