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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Structural Characteristics and Physicochemical Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber Preparations from Citrus sinensis Peel
Huong C. Nguyen 1,2
,
 
Nhan C. Tran 1
,
 
Truc T. Tran 1
 
 
 
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1
School of Graduate, Institute of Food and Biotechnology (IFB), Can Tho University (CTU), Campus II, 3/2 street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, is 94000 Can Tho city, Vietnam
 
2
Faculty of Food Science and Technology (FST), Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade (HUIT), 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
 
 
Submission date: 2025-03-28
 
 
Acceptance date: 2025-07-16
 
 
Corresponding author
Truc T. Tran   

Institute of Food and Biotechnology (IFB), Can Tho University (CTU), Campus II, 3/2 street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, is 94000 Can Tho city, Vietnam
 
 
 
KEYWORDS
acid treatment
alkali treatment
dietary fiber composition
enzyme-assisted extraction
orange by-product
orange peel
 
TOPICS
Other techniques
Functional properties
Diets and health
Fruits
Carbohydrates
Dietary fiber
Enzymes
 
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the effects of acid, alkaline, cellulase-assisted, and xylanase-assisted extraction methods of orange by-products (Citrus sinensis peel) on the chemical composition, structure and physicochemical properties of resulting soluble dietary fiber (SDF) preparations. The highest extraction efficiency was obtained using the method with citric acid (31.37%). The pectin, hemicellulose and cellulose contents of fiber produced with this method (A-SDF) were 58.63, 7.38, and 8.42 g/100 g dm, respectively. The method with citric acid resulted in an A-SDF with a water holding capacity of 19.17 g/g and an emulsifying capacity of 91.00%, which were superior to those obtained using alkaline and enzyme-assisted extractions. Fiber obtained by xylanase-assisted extraction had similar emulsion stability (75.77%), water swelling capacity (8.67 mL/g) and oil holding capacity (2.49 g/g) as A-SDF. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that A-SDF had a rough, porous surface favorable for hydration, while alkaline-extracted SDF (B-SDF) displayed dense, compact structures. Fourier-transform infrared spectra confirmed stronger hydroxyl and carboxyl group signals in A-SDF, suggesting its better hydrophilicity. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the highest crystallinity index in B-SDF (41.83%), whereas fibers extracted using enzymes - had more amorphous patterns, reflecting structural disruption. These findings demonstrated that acid-assisted extraction using citric acid is the most effective method for extracting soluble fiber from citrus by-products.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This search supported by Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, Vietnam and Institute of Food and Biotechnology of Can Tho University.
FUNDING
This work was financially supported by Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade under Contract no 20/HĐ-DCT dated January 17, 2025.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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