A total of 162 persons, aged from 30 to 60, participated in the study. The examined group comprised patients suffering from the primary arterial hypertension (AH), while healthy subjects were treated as the control. The participants were subjected to a triple 24-h diet recall in which they were asked details concerning their diets. The analysis of the results obtained revealed an excessive proportion of fats in the total energetic value of their daily food rations (DFR) including, in particular, saturated fatty acids (SFA). An excessive supply of cholesterol and total protein as well as a deficit of dietary fibre were observed in the male diets of both groups. A significantly higher content of animal protein was determined in the DFR of subjects suffering from AH in comparison with healthy persons. Numerous irregularities concerning the eating habits favouring the development of the arterial hypertension were observed.