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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Advantages and Disadvantages of Partial High Pressure Homogenisation of Milk in Relation to Full-Stream Homogenisation
1
Department of Dairy Science and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski Str. 7, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
2
Department of Process Engineering and Equipment, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski Str. 7, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Submission date: 2018-10-25
Final revision date: 2019-05-30
Acceptance date: 2019-06-12
Online publication date: 2019-06-28
Publication date: 2019-08-22
Corresponding author
Katarzyna Kiełczewska
Department of Dairy Science and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski 7, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
Department of Dairy Science and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski 7, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2019;69(3):279-287
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study determines the effect of full-stream and partial high pressure homogenisation (constant pressure of 100 MPa, different temperatures: 20oC, 40oC, 60oC) on selected distinguishing features of the colloidal and emulsion phases of milk. The pH values of milk decreased significantly (p<0.05) as a result of full-stream homogenisation, while they remained unaffected by partial homogenisation (p≥0.05). Most of the changes in the titratable acidity and conductivity of milk triggered by full-stream homogenisation and partial homogenisation were not statistically significant (p≥0.05). Partial high pressure homogenisation had a weaker effect on reducing rennet coagulation time and heat stability of milk than the process performed with the full-stream method. Full-stream and partial homogenisation resulted in a statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction in the thermal coagulation time by approx. 44% and 30%, respectively in comparison to the control sample. The values of thermal stability time of milk subjected to full-stream and partial high pressure homogenisation were different (p<0.05). The rennet coagulation time of milk did not differ depending on the homogenisation method applied (p≥0.05). Fat globules size, described by parameters dv10, dv50, dv90, d32, and d43, was statistically significant (p<0.05) lower upon full-stream homogenisation than upon partial homogenisation. The maximum decrease in d32 value was 6.5- and 2-fold as a result of full-stream and partial homogenisation, respectively. Microscopic images show that the low effectiveness of partial homogenisation was due to the flocculation of fat globules. Changes to the viscosity of milk as a result of full-stream homogenisation (a decrease) and partial homogenisation (an increase) were noted as well.
The advantage of partial high pressure homogenization over full-stream homogenization is the reduction of the influence of the process on the colloidal stability of milk, while the disadvantage is the low efficiency of the process. High pressure homogenization as an innovative method of preservation can be applied in the dairy industry. The desired features of emulsion and colloidal phases, depending on the product, are the result of selection of the method and temperature of the process.
FUNDING
Project financially supported by Minister of Science and Higher Education in the range of the program entitled "Regional Initiative of Excellence" for the years 2019-2022, Project No. 010/RID/2018/19, amount of funding 12.000.000 PLN.
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