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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Properties of Bread with Popped Amaranth Flour
1
Departamento Académico de Ciencias y Tecnologías Agroindustriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Av. Inca Garcilaso de la Vega s/n, Tamburco, Abancay, Apurímac, Perú
2
Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera Gustavo E. Astiazarán Rosas # 46, Colonia La Victoria, CP 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
3
Escuela de Ingeniería de Industrias Alimentarias, Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad Peruana Unión, Carretera Central km 19.5 Ñaña, Chosica, Lima, Perú
4
Departamento Académico de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Boulevard Macario Gaxiola y Carretera Internacional CP 81223. Los Mochis, Sinaloa, México
Submission date: 2023-12-16
Acceptance date: 2024-04-22
Online publication date: 2024-05-14
Publication date: 2024-05-14
Corresponding author
Guadalupe Chaquilla-Quilca
Departamento Académico de Ciencias y Tecnologías Agroindustriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Av. Inca Garcilaso de la Vega s/n, Tamburco, 03001, Abancay, Apurímac, Peru
Departamento Académico de Ciencias y Tecnologías Agroindustriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Av. Inca Garcilaso de la Vega s/n, Tamburco, 03001, Abancay, Apurímac, Peru
Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2024;74(2):137-146
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effect of substitution of wheat flour with popped amaranth flour in bread formulation on the chemical, physical, and sensory characteristics of breads. The raw and popped amaranth grain flours of four Peruvian varieties: Oscar Blanco, Centenario, Taray, and Imperial, were characterised for chemical composition and pasting properties using Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA). Both types of amaranth flour had a high nutritional value, but the peak and final viscosity of popped amaranth flour were closer to the wheat flour. Breads were formulated with the popped amaranth flour, at four substitution levels of 0, 10, 20, and 30%. A significant increase in contents of protein (around 12%) and raw fiber (more than 100%), and a decrease in carbohydrate content (around 6%) in breads at the highest substitution level compared to wheat bread were observed. At this substitution level, the RVA profile parameters, specific volume, pore area, and colour coordinates (L*, a*, and b*) differed significantly. In the sensory analysis using Flash profile technique, consumers identified that the Taray and Imperial bread varieties at 10 and 20% substitution level were similar to the wheat bread. Adding popped amaranth flour to bread improved the nutritional value, ensuring good physical and sensory properties. Popped amaranth flour can, thus, be an alternative to wheat flour in the development of healthy bakery products.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors thank Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA) station Andenes Cusco-Perú for the amaranth samples Oscar Blanco, INIA 414 Taray, and INIA 430 Imperial.
We also thank M. Carmen Granados N. from the CIAD Hermosillo cereal laboratory for technical support in rheology analysis and bread making.
FUNDING
The authors thank Vicerrectorado de investigación, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac (UNAMBA) for funding the project from mining canon fees (Resolution 048-2019-CU-UNAMBA).
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests.
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