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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effect of Drying and Broccoli Leaves Incorporation on the Nutritional Quality of Durum Wheat Pasta
1
Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
2
Food Volatilomics and Sensomics Group, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
3
Faculty of Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
Submission date: 2022-05-31
Final revision date: 2022-07-11
Acceptance date: 2022-07-13
Online publication date: 2022-07-26
Publication date: 2022-09-05
Corresponding author
Natalia Drabińska
Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2022;72(3):273-285
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Gas chromatographyEffects on food qualityFunctional foodsCookingFood fortificationCereals and GrainsVegetablesAdditives
ABSTRACT
Pasta is a great vehicle for the incorporation of vegetable-derived ingredients to increase the consumption of the health-beneficial components originating from vegetables. Notably, by-products of vegetable processing can also serve as a rich source of phytochemicals. An important step in pasta processing is drying which can affect the content of bioactive compounds in pasta. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of drying on the nutritional quality and cooking properties of durum wheat pasta fortified with broccoli leaves. Pasta enriched with broccoli leaf powder (BLP) at 2.5% (B2.5) and 5% (B5), and control pasta without BLP (C), which differed in drying conditions: fresh pasta without drying (F), pasta dried at 50oC for 8 h (L), and pasta dried at 80oC for 3 h (H) were formulated. The obtained pasta products were analysed for the cooking properties (optimal cooking time, cooking loss, water absorption and swelling capacity); colour parameters; proximate composition; and contents of free amino acids (FAA), fatty acids and sugars. BLP significantly improved the contents of ash by up to 35 g/100 g, FAA and fatty acids to up to 1298 nmol/g dry matter (DM) and 16741 µg/g DM, respectively, without compromising the cooking quality of pasta. Drying had a significant effect on fatty acids, which content in pasta processed at the highest temperature tested decreased. From the nutritional point of view, the low-temperature drying seems to be an interesting method for pasta preparation, with the highest content of FAA, fatty acids, especially unsaturated ones, and the lowest content of sugar. However, at the same time, the dried pasta products were characterised by greater cooking loss approximating 10%.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The study was supported by the statutory research funds of the Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
FUNDING
This research received no external funding. Mariana Nogueira’s stay in IAR&FR PAS was financially supported by the EIT Food Fellowship program.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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