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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Extraction, Chemical Composition and Antidiabetic Potential of Crude Polysaccharides from Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
1
Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
2
College of Horticulture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, China
3
College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
4
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
5
ENIAC, Centro Universitario de Excelencia. R. Força Pública, 89, Centro Guarulhos-SP 07012-030, Brazil
6
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
7
Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
8
Innovation Center for Confectionary Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Submission date: 2024-02-18
Acceptance date: 2024-05-06
Online publication date: 2024-05-24
Publication date: 2024-05-24
Corresponding author
Babul Airianah Othman
Faculty of science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Faculty of science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2024;74(2):177-187
KEYWORDS
alcohol insoluble residueantidiabeticmineral elementsmonosaccharide compositionresponse surface methodology
TOPICS
ExtractionLiquid chromatographyNatural foodBiotechnology/MicrobiologyEpidemiologyNutraceuticalsHerbs and spices
ABSTRACT
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is escalating, posing a significant challenge to human healthcare systems. In the present study, mineral and monosaccharide compositions, and antidiabetic potential of polysaccharide fractions separated from Centella asiatica (L.) leaves (CAL) were assessed. Initial single-factor experiments identified key extraction parameters, further optimized through response surface methodology (RSM) with optimal conditions determined as a liquid-to-solid ratio of 24.43:1 (mL/g), extraction time of 60.76 min, and a temperature of 83.31℃. Alcohol insoluble residue (AIR) extraction yielded three crude polysaccharide fractions (P50, P70, and P90). P50 was obtained with the highest yield (14.31%) and exhibited the highest content of total sugars and uronic acids (68.01 and 24.28 g/100 g, respectively). Calcium, magnesium, and manganese were dominant minerals in P50 and P70. Monosaccharide composition analysis via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) demonstrated enrichment of galacturonic acid, galactose, and arabinose in P50 and P70. Furthermore, both fractions (P50 and P70) exhibited dose-dependent inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. At 5 mg/mL, P50 caused 68.3% α-amylase inhibition and 62.3% α-glucosidase inhibition, while P70 triggered 46.8% and 34.1% inhibition, respectively. In conclusion, this study is the first to provide valuable insights into optimizing CAL extraction conditions. Potential utilization of polysaccharide fractions obtained from CAL as components for formulating functional foods can be explored in the future.
FUNDING
This study was supported by "Academic New Talent" Training Program of Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Evaluation of characteristic germplasm resources and selection of good germplasm of wild oil tea in Dabie Mountain, Henan Province, China (242102110247), and INTI International University Seed grant (INTI-FHLS-01-26-2023).
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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