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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Functional Properties and Bioactivities of Protein Powder Prepared from Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) Liver Using the pH Shift Process
 
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Department of Fishery Products, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
 
 
Submission date: 2022-06-01
 
 
Acceptance date: 2022-10-07
 
 
Online publication date: 2022-11-14
 
 
Publication date: 2022-11-14
 
 
Corresponding author
Pramvadee Tepwong   

Department of Fishery Products, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand
 
 
Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2022;72(4):347-359
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) liver (TL) contains high-quality proteins which can potentially serve as an excellent source of functional protein ingredients. Thus, this study was conceptualized to evaluate the physicochemical, functional, and biological properties of proteins from TL using the pH shift process. The pH shift process was conducted through solubilization of TL at pH from 1.5 to 12.5, and the solubilized proteins at pH 2.5, 3.5, 10.5 and 11.5 were precipitated at pH 5.5. Finally, the tuna liver protein powders after the processes at pH 2.5 and 11.5 (TLP 2.5 and TLP 11.5, respectively) were obtained by freeze-drying, i.e. those with the highest extraction and protein recovery yields under acidic and alkaline conditions. Protein and lipid contents of TLPs were higher and lower, respectively, compared to the TL powder (control). Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and alanine were prominent amino acids found in both TLPs. Foaming properties and water/oil holding capacity were higher in TLP 11.5, while protein solubility and emulsion properties were greater in TLP 2.5 compared between groups. Additionally, the DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging activities, as well as the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity, were remarkably higher in TLP 11.5 than in TLP 2.5. On the other hand, significant ferrous-ion chelating activity was observed in TLP 2.5. In conclusion, TLP 11.5 could serve as an alternative functional protein ingredient that provides essential amino acids, functional properties, and bioactivities.
ABBREVIATIONS
ABTS – 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; ABTS•+ – 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid radical cation; ACE – Angiotensin I-converting enzyme; DDW – Deionized distilled water; DPPH – 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; EAA – Essential amino acid; EAI – Emulsifying activity index; ESI – Emulsion stability index; EW – Egg white powder; FC – Foaming capacity; FS – Foaming stability; HAA – Hydrophobic amino acid; HPAA – Hydrophilic amino acid; OHC – Oil holding capacity; PUFAs – Polyunsaturated fatty acids; SP – Soy protein concentrate; TL – Tuna liver; TLP – Tuna liver protein powder; TLP 2.5 – Tuna liver protein powder from solubilization at pH 2.5; TLP 11.5 – Tuna liver protein powder from solubilization at pH 11.5; WHC – Water holding capacity
FUNDING
The research work was funded by Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute (KURDI), FF(KU)7.65 under the research program “Development of functional ingredients from by-products of canned tuna processing”.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
 
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